In 2016, under the decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On the National Center of Aviation Engineering” [1], at the base of the Ramenskoye Flight Research Institute (LII) aerodrome named after M.M. Gromov International Airport Zhukovsky was built experimental, state and civil aviation.

Due to overloading at airports such as Sheremetyevo, Domodedovo and Vnukovo caused by the rapid growth of passenger traffic, this project was intended as a reduction in their workload. However, due to the economic crisis in the country and the closure of a part of international air routes, airports began to cope better with congestion and, despite the fact that Zhukovsky Airport became less in demand because of this, it was completed and introduced into the transport system of the Russian Federation. The investor of this project was Rostec State Corporation, which approved the airport's development strategy.At the moment, in Zhukovsky, they have launched the second stage of the development of ground infrastructure.In 2019-2021, the passenger infrastructure will be significantly improved - the area of the passenger terminal will increase, a hotel will be built at the airport and the range of non-aviation services will be expanded.

For two and a half years from the date of opening the airport, the number of passengers has increased significantly. According to statistical data (Table 1), provided by the Russian Center for Complex Transport Problems of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, passenger traffic at Zhukovsky Airport performed by Russian airlines in 2018 amounted to 815,700 people - 395% more than in 2017. This number of passengers was achieved through active work to expand the geography of flights and attract new foreign airlines. It should be noted that in 2018 such countries as Germany, Denmark, Vietnam, India, Norway, Tanzania, Uzbekistan and the Czech Republic were included. The list of cities in China, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan also expanded, which significantly affected the increase in passenger traffic.

Table 1 - The number of passengers carried in 2017 and 2018

 

Country	Number of passengers carried in 2017, pers.	Number of passengers carried in 2018, pers.
Russia	14 744	122285
Kazakhstan	1	1729
Azerbaijan	11 060	11279
Vietnam	―	492
Germany	―	8
Georgia	13 221	93932
Denmark	―	217
Israel	22 502	80742
India	―	4
Italy	7 324	35523

Kyrgyzstan	51 877	127959
China	5 567	165931
Norway	―	134
Tajikistan	71 488	166422
Tanzania	―	237
Tunisia	5 290	961
Turkmenistan	―	4
Turkey	2 962	2938
Uzbekistan	―	3294
Czech	―	1133
Switzerland	206	476
Bulgaria	188	―
Greece	77	―
Total	206507	815700

According to the development strategy of Zhukovsky Airport, due to the increased rate of growth in the number of passengers, by mid-2020 it is planned to expand the passenger terminal from 17,000 𝑚2to 37,000 𝑚2 [2].
This will increase the capacity up to six million passengers a year. It is also planned to increase the apron by 30 additional places.
According to the official website of Zhukovsky Airport, today, passengers can get to arrival and departure points by public transport in several ways:
By Bus No. 441. The route runs from the Kotelniki metro to Zhukovsky airport and in the opposite direction (Figure 1). Buses leave every 15 minutes. The journey takes about 1 hour, not counting traffic jams. For the convenience of passengers on the official website of the airport posted schedule. Buses are equipped with spacious luggage compartments, climate control systems in salons, tachographs and other modern technologies aimed at ensuring passenger safety.

On the train. The route is laid from the Vykhino railway station to the Otdykh station with a transfer to the shuttle bass to Zhukovsky airport (Figure 2.3). Travel time is more than 1 hour, not counting traffic jams. For convenience, the official website also posted a schedule of shuttle-bass.

Currently, the transport accessibility of the Zhukovsky airport is being improved in accordance with the state program of the Moscow region “Development and functioning of the road and transport complex for 2017- 2021” [3]. For example, it is planned to repair and expand the road on Narkomvod Street, due to non-compliance with modern requirements. It also considers the construction of bus stops for public transport, the expansion of the access road to the airport to 4 lanes and the installation of a street lighting system. The updated infrastructure will provide a capacity of up to 40,000 vehicles per day, significantly improving the transport accessibility of the airport.

 

Bibliography

 

1.                   Internet resource: the website of the national aviation industry http://www.ncarussia.ru (Date of circulation 23.02.2019).

2.                   Internet resource: Zhukovsky Airport will expand the terminal by the end of 2020 https://www.m24.ru/news/transport/15112018/54177?utm_source=yxnews&utm_medium=desktop        (appeal date 02/23/2019).

3.                   Internet resource: Development and functioning of the road-transport complex for 2017-2021 http://www.vidnoe-adm.ru/uploads/docs/870_26111.pdf (Date 24.02.2019)