14 декабря 2019г.
The issue of safe transportation management remains critical. Any shipper wants to be sure that the goods will be delivered to the consignee in apparent good order and condition. Thus, in order to achieve this goal it is necessary to take into account numerous conditions, e.g. secure sealing.
Despite the actions being taken to ensure the safety of transported goods, there are still a number of things to be solved. Meanwhile the cargo theft is becoming more “intelligent”. Perpetrator of a crime cuts off the shipper’s seal, steal the goods and fix the container with a fake seal. Mostly the fact of a seal replacement can be revealed only at border crossing or at unloading at the consignee. However, we can minimize the risk of cargo theft if we use an electronic locking and sealing device (ELSD), fig. 1.1.
The main characteristics of ELSD are:
·
instantaneous transmission of the alarm signal to the security agency in case of unauthorized access to container (transport vehicle) or its attempt;
·
online monitoring of the ELSD’s status via user account;
·
keeping control of the freight train schedule;
·
indication of speed, time and place of stay and stop;
·
monitoring the condition of the transported cargo using remote sensors
Electronic LSD consists of two main components: one-use mechanical (bolt) seal, and reusable electronic seal, the core task of which is to transmit information online. The duration of the autonomous operation of
the
electronic module is about 45 days. The device can be in effect at temperatures from -40ºC to +60ºC.
The main advantages of implementing a system of electronic LSD are:
·
Online monitoring;
·
Elimination of human-factor aspect;
·
Changing the technology of commercial inspection procedure;
·
Improvement of the methods of goods protection (Mobile security team);
·
Reducing the cost of transportation;
·
High resistance to tampering and damage, the automatic transfer of information about the unauthorized access;
·
Reduction of transport downtime;
·
Optimization of work with transportation documents and of inspection procedure
On 1 January 2016, Vladimir Putin signed and promulgated the
decree, which obliged to ensure
control over the transit transportation of goods through the territory of Russia, using electronic seals. According to preliminary estimates, the implementation of ELSD will save annually about 3 billion rubles for Joint Stock Company "Russian Railways" (JSCo “RZD”) and more than 4.5 billion rubles for cargo owners.
At the same time, the widespread use of electronic seals is constrained by insufficient knowledge of the possibilities of their application. The forwarders prefer to use mechanical seals so as not to be responsible for the cargo safety. Aside from that, the high price of ELSD should be noted. Nevertheless, these difficulties can be solved by reducing tariffs for cargo insurance, informing the participants of the supply chain about innovations and changes through conferences, and reducing the cost of ELSD in bulk purchase.
In conclusion, it should be stressed that the mass use of electronic LSD will contribute to positive dynamics in the field of cargo transportation
security. Included are minimization of delivery times by reducing the downtime at the points of commercial inspection and increasing the capacity of railway.
References
1.
Elektronnye zaporno-plombirovochnye ustrojstva kak reshenie vechnoj problemy [Electronic LSD as a solution to the eternal problem].Online newspaper The Tochka opory Inform [The Fulcrum Inform]. Available at: https://www.to-inform.ru (in Russian)
2.
Online All-Russia socio-political newspaper The Vlastnaya vertical’ Federacii [The Vertical line of power of the Federation]. Available at: http://www.vvfgazeta.ru (in Russian)
3.
"Smart"
seals. Online newspaper The Gudok, 23 May 2018, issue no.84 (26457). Available at: www.gudok.ru (in Russian)
4.
Vnedrenie intellektual'nyh sistem slezheniya. Intellektual'naya sistema elektronnogo plombirovaniya BigLock [Implementation of intelligent tracking systems. Intelligent electronic sealing system BigLock]. Annual Trans-Siberian Route (TSR) Digest, 2018 (in Russian)
